Aquaculture is the fastest growing animal food- producing sector globally. The industry has been growing by nearly 7 percent per year for almost 40 years. In fact, it has been the only food producing sector growing at a rate greater than human population growth. Historically, fish meal has been one of the most important ingredients in diets, supplying essential proteins, amino acids, fatty acids, minerals and other nutrients. DDGS is an effective protein source for aquaculture feeds. Advantages include its wide availability, moderate protein level, complementary amino acid profile (depending on supplementary ingredients), and effectiveness in many fish species when used in proper conjunction with other ingredients. The two nutrients of greatest concern in fish farm effluent water are nitrogen and phosphorus.DDGS is a high energy, mid-protein, high digestible phosphorus ingredient.Most of the energy in DDGS is derived from its relatively high crude fat content. DDGS has a high omega 6 to omega 3 ratio. Despite the relatively high crude protein content in DDGS (27%), lysine, methionine, threonine, and tryptophan concentrations are relatively low relative to the amino acid requirements of fish.The phosphorus content in DDGS (0.75%) is higher than other plant ingredients, Vitamins, including riboflavin, niacin, Pantothenic acid, folic acid, and choline are about three times higher in DDGS than found in corn One of the distinct advantages of DDGS compared with plant-based ingredients is that it does not contain anti-nutritional factors found in soybean meal using DDGS in aquaculture
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diets, it is also important to know if lower protein diets and synthetic amino acids can support satisfactory growth performance.Addition of DDGS to aqua feeds appears to have beneficial effects on improving the immune status and resistance to some diseases in fish. Currently Less Than I Percent Of The Total Distillers Grains Produced Are Being Used In Aqua feeds. Therefore, There Are Tremendous Opportunities To Use DDGS To A Much Greater Extent As An Energy, Protein, And Digestible Phosphorus Source. Using DDGS Can Reduce Feed Costs And Reduse The Reliance On Fishmeal And Other Expensive Dietary Ingredients In Aqua feeds. Addition of DDGS To aqua feeds Improves The Immune Response and Resistance To Some Diseases In Fish. Feeding Diets Containing 40 Percent DDGS To Channel Catfish Provides Resistance To Edwardsiella Ictaluri, Likely The Result Of Increased Haemoglobin, Hematocrit, Total Serum Immunoglobulin, And Antibody titers. Favorable attributes and benefits of adding DDGS to aqua feeds include:An excellent source of digestible phosphorus, No antinutritional factors, May provide immunological benefits, and High-quality pellets can be produced using appropriate extrusion conditions.Inclusion rates of 20 to 40 percent have been successfully used in diets for channel catfish and tilapia, and diets containing 15 percent DDGS can be used for rainbow trout. More research is needed to better characterize the benefits and limitations of including DDGS in aquafeeds
